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Grade 10 Math Courses - California Curriculum

Discover CA Grade 10 Math courses: Geometry and Mathematics II. Explore key concepts, problem-solving techniques, and prepare for advanced mathematical studies in line with California standards.

CA Geometry (G)

CA Mathematics II (M2)

CA Grade 10 Math Curriculum - Geometry & Mathematics II

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ID
Standard
StudyPug Topic
CA.G.G.CO.1
Know precise definitions of angle, circle, perpendicular line, parallel line, and line segment, based on the undefined notions of point, line, distance along a line, and distance around a circular arc.
Parallel and perpendicular line segments
Central and inscribed angles in circles
CA.G.G.CO.2
Represent transformations in the plane using, e.g., transparencies and geometry software; describe transformations as functions that take points in the plane as inputs and give other points as outputs. Compare transformations that preserve distance and angle to those that do not.
Introduction to transformations
Rotational symmetry and transformations
Scale diagrams
Similar polygons
CA.G.G.CO.4
Develop definitions of rotations, reflections, and translations in terms of angles, circles, perpendicular lines, parallel lines, and line segments.
Line symmetry
Perpendicular line proofs
CA.G.G.CO.6
Use geometric descriptions of rigid motions to transform figures and to predict the effect of a given rigid motion on a given figure; given two figures, use the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions to decide if they are congruent.
Congruence and congruent triangles
Classifying triangles
CA.G.G.CO.8
Explain how the criteria for triangle congruence (ASA, SAS, and SSS) follow from the definition of congruence in terms of rigid motions.
Triangles congruent by SSS proofs
Triangles congruent by SAS and HL proofs
Triangles congruent by ASA and AAS proofs
CA.G.G.CO.9
Prove theorems about lines and angles.
Parallel lines and transversals
Parallel line proofs
Pairs of lines and angles
CA.G.G.CO.10
Prove theorems about triangles.
Isosceles and equilateral triangles
CA.G.G.SRT.1
Verify experimentally the properties of dilations given by a center and a scale factor.
Enlargements and reductions with scale factors
CA.G.G.SRT.2
Given two figures, use the definition of similarity in terms of similarity transformations to decide if they are similar; explain using similarity transformations the meaning of similarity for triangles as the equality of all corresponding pairs of angles and the proportionality of all corresponding pairs of sides.
Similar triangles
CA.G.G.SRT.4
Prove theorems about triangles.
Pythagorean theorem
Estimating square roots
Using the pythagorean relationship
Applications of pythagorean theorem
CA.G.G.SRT.6
Understand that by similarity, side ratios in right triangles are properties of the angles in the triangle, leading to definitions of trigonometric ratios for acute angles.
Use sine ratio to calculate angles and sides (Sin = o / h)
Use tangent ratio to calculate angles and sides (Tan = o / a)
CA.G.G.SRT.7
Explain and use the relationship between the sine and cosine of complementary angles.
Use cosine ratio to calculate angles and sides (Cos = a / h)
Quotient identities and reciprocal identities
Pythagorean identities
Sum and difference identities
Double-angle identities
Cofunction identities
CA.G.G.SRT.8
Use trigonometric ratios and the Pythagorean Theorem to solve right triangles in applied problems.
Combination of SohCahToa questions
Word problems relating ladder in trigonometry
Word problems relating guy wire in trigonometry
Other word problems relating angles in trigonometry
CA.G.G.SRT.8.1
Derive and use the trigonometric ratios for special right triangles (30°, 60°, 90° and 45°, 45°, 90°).
Solving expressions using 45-45-90 special right triangles
Solving expressions using 30-60-90 special right triangles
CA.G.G.SRT.9
(+) Derive the formula A = 1/2 ab sin(C) for the area of a triangle by drawing an auxiliary line from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side.
Area of triangles: 1/2 a*b sin(C)
CA.G.G.SRT.10
(+) Prove the Laws of Sines and Cosines and use them to solve problems.
Law of sines
Law of cosines
CA.G.G.SRT.11
(+) Understand and apply the Law of Sines and the Law of Cosines to find unknown measurements in right and non-right triangles.
Applications of the sine law and cosine law
CA.G.G.C.1
Prove that all circles are similar.
Central angles and proofs
CA.G.G.C.2
Identify and describe relationships among inscribed angles, radii, and chords.
Inscribed angles and proofs
CA.G.G.C.3
Construct the inscribed and circumscribed circles of a triangle, and prove properties of angles for a quadrilateral inscribed in a circle.
Circle chord, tangent, and inscribed angles proofs
CA.G.G.C.5
Derive using similarity the fact that the length of the arc intercepted by an angle is proportional to the radius, and define the radian measure of the angle as the constant of proportionality; derive the formula for the area of a sector. Convert between degrees and radians.
Arcs of a circle
Areas and sectors of circles
Converting between degrees and radians
Trigonometric ratios of angles in radians
Radian measure and arc length
CA.G.G.GPE.1
Derive the equation of a circle of given center and radius using the Pythagorean Theorem; complete the square to find the center and radius of a circle given by an equation.
Conics - Circle
CA.G.G.GPE.2
Derive the equation of a parabola given a focus and directrix.
Conics - Parabola
CA.G.G.GPE.4
Use coordinates to prove simple geometric theorems algebraically.
Distance formula: d=(x2−x1)2+(y2−y1)2d = \sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}d=(x2​−x1​)2+(y2​−y1​)2​
Slope equation: m=y2−y1x2−x1m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2- x_1}m=x2​−x1​y2​−y1​​
Slope intercept form: y = mx + b
General form: Ax + By + C = 0
CA.G.G.GPE.5
Prove the slope criteria for parallel and perpendicular lines and use them to solve geometric problems.
Parallel and perpendicular lines in linear functions
Parallel line equation
Perpendicular line equation
Combination of both parallel and perpendicular line equations
CA.G.G.GPE.6
Find the point on a directed line segment between two given points that partitions the segment in a given ratio.
Midpoint formula: M=(x1+x22,y1+y22)M = ( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 ,\frac{y_1+y_2}2)M=(2x1​+x2​​,2y1​+y2​​)
CA.G.G.GMD.1
Give an informal argument for the formulas for the circumference of a circle, area of a circle, volume of a cylinder, pyramid, and cone.
Circles and circumference
Surface area and volume of cylinders
Surface area and volume of cones
CA.G.G.GMD.3
Use volume formulas for cylinders, pyramids, cones, and spheres to solve problems.
Surface area and volume of pyramids
Surface area and volume of spheres
CA.G.G.GMD.4
Identify the shapes of two-dimensional cross-sections of three-dimensional objects, and identify three-dimensional objects generated by rotations of two-dimensional objects.
Surface area and volume of prisms
CA.G.G.MG.3
Apply geometric methods to solve design problems.
Word problems of polynomials
CA.G.G.S.CP.1
Describe events as subsets of a sample space (the set of outcomes) using characteristics (or categories) of the outcomes, or as unions, intersections, or complements of other events ("or," "and," "not").
Organizing outcomes
CA.G.G.S.CP.2
Understand that two events A and B are independent if the probability of A and B occurring together is the product of their probabilities, and use this characterization to determine if they are independent.
Probability of independent events
CA.G.G.S.MD.6
(+) Use probabilities to make fair decisions (e.g., drawing by lots, using a random number generator).
Introduction to probability
CA.G.G.S.MD.7
(+) Analyze decisions and strategies using probability concepts (e.g., product testing, medical testing, pulling a hockey goalie at the end of a game).
Comparing experimental and theoretical probability

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