Sustainable Development
High School
Definition
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. It seeks to balance economic growth, social well-being, and protection of the environment.
Worked examples
Costa Rica generates over 99% of its electricity from renewable sources (hydro, wind, geothermal) while maintaining strong economic growth and protecting its rainforests.
Balances energy needs, economic development, and environmental conservation for current and future citizens.
A city installs solar panels on public buildings, expands green spaces, creates jobs in clean tech, and reduces air pollution.
Meets today's energy and employment needs while protecting air quality and climate for future generations.
Common mistakes
- Sustainable development means stopping all economic growth to protect nature → Sustainable development seeks to balance growth, social well-being, and environmental protection It aims for smart growth that doesn't deplete resources, not zero growth.
- Only wealthy countries can afford sustainable development → All countries can pursue sustainable practices appropriate to their context Many developing nations lead in renewable energy and community-based conservation.
- Sustainable development is only about environmental issues → It equally addresses economic, social, and environmental dimensions It includes poverty reduction, education, health, and equity alongside environmental protection.
Where you'll use it next
You'll apply sustainable development when studying climate policy, urban planning, resource management, international development goals, and environmental economics in advanced social studies and civics courses.
See also
Human-Environment InteractionBiodiversity ConservationGlobalization ImpactsEconomic SystemsLiving StandardsWater Resources
Reviewed by Pat Cheng, M.Ed. — StudyPug Curriculum Lead · Last updated June 6, 2026