TX 8th Grade Math Curriculum

TX 8th Grade Math Curriculum

• TX.8.2.AExtend previous knowledge of sets and subsets using a visual representation to describe relationships between sets of real numbers
  • Comparing and ordering rational numbers
  • Understanding the number systems
  • Rational vs. Irrational numbers
• TX.8.2.BApproximate the value of an irrational number, including π and square roots of numbers less than 225, and locate that rational number approximation on a number line
  • Squares and square roots
  • Estimating square roots
  • Determine square roots of rational numbers
• TX.8.2.CConvert between standard decimal notation and scientific notation
  • Scientific notation
• TX.8.2.DOrder a set of real numbers arising from mathematical and real-world contexts
  • Solving problems with rational numbers in decimal form
  • Solving problems with rational numbers in fraction form
• TX.8.3.AGeneralize that the ratio of corresponding sides of similar shapes are proportional, including a shape and its dilation
  • Similar triangles
  • Similar polygons
  • Ratios
• TX.8.3.BCompare and contrast the attributes of a shape and its dilation(s) on a coordinate plane
  • Enlargements and reductions with scale factors
  • Identifying proportional relationships
• TX.8.4.AUse similar right triangles to develop an understanding that slope, m, given as the rate comparing the change in y-values to the change in x-values, (y2 - y1)/ (x2 - x1), is the same for any two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2) on the same line
  • Understanding graphs of linear relationships
  • Slope equation: $m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2- x_1}$
• TX.8.4.BGraph proportional relationships, interpreting the unit rate as the slope of the line that models the relationship
  • Understanding tables of values of linear relationships
  • Slope intercept form: y = mx + b
• TX.8.4.CUse data from a table or graph to determine the rate of change or slope and y-intercept in mathematical and real-world problems
  • Applications of linear relationships
  • Rate of change
• TX.8.5.ARepresent linear proportional situations with tables, graphs, and equations in the form of y = kx
  • Representing patterns in linear relations
  • Graphing linear functions using table of values
  • Graphing linear functions using x- and y-intercepts
  • Graphing from slope-intercept form y=mx+b
• TX.8.5.BRepresent linear non-proportional situations with tables, graphs, and equations in the form of y = mx + b, where b ≠ 0
  • Reading linear relation graphs
  • Graphing linear functions using a single point and slope
  • Word problems of graphing linear functions
• TX.8.5.CContrast bivariate sets of data that suggest a linear relationship with bivariate sets of data that do not suggest a linear relationship from a graphical representation
  • Relationship between two variables
• TX.8.5.ESolve problems involving direct variation
  • Proportions
  • Rates
• TX.8.5.FDistinguish between proportional and non-proportional situations using tables, graphs, and equations in the form y = kx or y = mx + b, where b ≠ 0
  • Parallel and perpendicular lines in linear functions
• TX.8.5.GIdentify functions using sets of ordered pairs, tables, mappings, and graphs
  • Solving linear equations by graphing
  • Identifying functions
• TX.8.5.HIdentify examples of proportional and non-proportional functions that arise from mathematical and real-world problems
  • Applications of linear relations
• TX.8.5.IWrite an equation in the form y = mx + b to model a linear relationship between two quantities using verbal, numerical, tabular, and graphical representations
  • Introduction to linear equations
• TX.8.6.ADescribe the volume formula V = Bh of a cylinder in terms of its base area and its height
  • Volume of cylinders
• TX.8.6.BModel the relationship between the volume of a cylinder and a cone having both congruent bases and heights and connect that relationship to the formulas
  • Surface area and volume of cylinders
  • Surface area and volume of cones
• TX.8.6.CUse models and diagrams to explain the Pythagorean theorem
  • Pythagorean theorem
• TX.8.7.ASolve problems involving the volume of cylinders, cones, and spheres
  • Word problems relating volume of prisms and cylinders
  • Surface area and volume of spheres
• TX.8.7.BUse previous knowledge of surface area to make connections to the formulas for lateral and total surface area and determine solutions for problems involving rectangular prisms, triangular prisms, and cylinders
  • Surface area of prisms
  • Surface area of cylinders
  • Surface area and volume of prisms
• TX.8.7.CUse the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse to solve problems
  • Using the pythagorean relationship
  • Applications of pythagorean theorem
• TX.8.7.DDetermine the distance between two points on a coordinate plane using the Pythagorean Theorem
  • Distance formula: $d = \sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}$
• TX.8.8.AWrite one-variable equations or inequalities with variables on both sides that represent problems using rational number coefficients and constants
  • Solving two-step linear equations using distributive property: a(x + b) = c
  • Solving linear equations with variables on both sides
• TX.8.8.BWrite a corresponding real-world problem when given a one-variable equation or inequality with variables on both sides of the equal sign using rational number coefficients and constants
  • Money related questions in linear equations
  • Unknown number related questions in linear equations
  • Distance and time related questions in linear equations
  • Rectangular shape related questions in linear equations
• TX.8.8.CModel and solve one-variable equations with variables on both sides of the equal sign that represent mathematical and real-world problems using rational number coefficients and constants
  • Solving literal equations
• TX.8.8.DUse informal arguments to establish facts about the angle sum and exterior angle of triangles, the angles created when parallel lines are cut by a transversal, and the angle-angle criterion for similarity of triangles
  • Parallel and perpendicular line segments
• TX.8.9Identify and verify the values of x and y that simultaneously satisfy two linear equations in the form y = mx + b from the intersections of the graphed equations
  • Solving systems of linear equations by graphing
  • Determining number of solutions to linear equations
• TX.8.10.AGeneralize the properties of orientation and congruence of rotations, reflections, translations, and dilations of two-dimensional shapes on a coordinate plane
  • Tessellations using translations and reflections
  • Tessellations using rotations
  • Line symmetry
  • Rotational symmetry and transformations
• TX.8.10.BDifferentiate between transformations that preserve congruence and those that do not
  • Understanding tessellations
• TX.8.11.AConstruct a scatterplot and describe the observed data to address questions of association such as linear, non-linear, and no association between bivariate data
  • Box-and-whisker plots and scatter plots
• TX.8.11.BDetermine the mean absolute deviation and use this quantity as a measure of the average distance data are from the mean using a data set of no more than 10 data points
  • Mean
  • Range and outliers
  • Application of averages
• TX.8.11.CSimulate generating random samples of the same size from a population with known characteristics to develop the notion of a random sample being representative of the population from which it was selected
  • Comparing experimental and theoretical probability
• TX.8.12.ASolve real-world problems comparing how interest rate and loan length affect the cost of credit
  • Simple interest
• TX.8.12.BCalculate the total cost of repaying a loan, including credit cards and easy access loans, under various rates of interest and over different periods using an online calculator
  • Taxes, discounts, tips and more
• TX.8.12.CExplain how small amounts of money invested regularly, including money saved for college and retirement, grow over time
  • Adding and multiplying percents
• TX.8.12.EIdentify and explain the advantages and disadvantages of different payment methods
  • Advantages and disadvantages of different graphs
  • Misleading graphs
  • Critiquing data presentation
• TX.8.12.GEstimate the cost of a two-year and four-year college education, including family contribution, and devise a periodic savings plan for accumulating the money needed to contribute to the total cost of attendance for at least the first year of college
  • Percent of a number