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Arrays and Factors
Discover how rectangular arrays reveal the factors and factor pairs of a number, an essential Grade 5 math skill.
What You'll Learn
Identify an array as a rectangular arrangement of objects placed in equal rows and columns
Recognize that rows times columns gives the total, so each array shows one factor pair
Apply arrays to list every factor pair of a number, such as \( 1 \times 12 \), \( 2 \times 6 \), and \( 3 \times 4 \)
Compare prime and composite numbers by counting how many different arrays each number can form
Connect the array model to the area model used when multiplying multi-digit numbers
Use factor pairs discovered from arrays to check related division facts
What You'll Practice
1
Writing products for arrays by counting rows and columns
2
Drawing arrays to find all factors of given numbers
3
Using the distributive property to multiply two-digit and three-digit numbers
4
Rewriting multiplication in expanded form and solving step-by-step
Why This Matters
Understanding arrays and factors builds your foundation for algebra, fraction simplification, and problem-solving. These visual strategies help you break down difficult multiplication into manageable parts, making mental math easier and preparing you for more advanced topics like prime factorization and algebraic expressions.
This Unit Includes
17 Video lessons
Practice exercises
Learning resources
Skills
Arrays
Factors
Multiplication
Distributive Property
Expanded Form
Place Value
Visual Models
OH Curriculum Aligned