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Master the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus | Key Concepts

AU Mathematical Methods: Master Advanced Math

Solving Linear Equations

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Solving linear equations using multiplication and division

Two-step Linear Equations LHS

Two-step Linear Equations RHS

Solving two-step linear equations: ax + b = c, x/a + b = c

Solving two-step linear equations: ax + b = c, x/a + b = c

Solving linear equations using distributive property: a(x + b) = c

Solving linear equations using distributive property: a(x + b) = c

Solving linear equations with variables on both sides

Solving literal equations

Introduction to Relations and Functions

Relationship between two variables

Understand relations between x- and y-intercepts

Domain and range of a function

Identifying functions

Function notation

Linear Functions

Distance formula: \(d = \sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}\)

Distance formula: <katex>d = \sqrt{(x_2-x_1)^2+(y_2-y_1)^2}</katex>

Distance formula

Midpoint formula: \(M = ( \frac{x_1+x_2}2  ,\frac{y_1+y_2}2)\)

Midpoint formula

Midpoint formula: <katex>M = ( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 ,\frac{y_1+y_2}2)</katex>

Midpoint formula: <katex>M = ( \frac{x_1+x_2}2 ,\frac{y_1+y_2}2)</katex>

Gradient equation: \(m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2- x_1}\)

Slope equation: <katex>m = \frac{y_2-y_1}{x_2- x_1}</katex>

Gradient intercept form: y = mx + b

Slope intercept form: y = mx + b

General form: Ax + By + C = 0

Gradient-point form: \(y - y_1 = m (x - x_1)\)

Graphing linear functions using table of values

Graphing linear functions using x- and y-intercepts

Graphing from slope-intercept form y=mx+b

Graphing linear functions using a single point and gradient

Word problems of graphing linear functions

Rate of change

Parallel and perpendicular lines in linear functions

Applications of linear relations

Linear Equations

Introduction to linear equations

Introduction to nonlinear equations

Special case of linear equations: Horizontal lines

Special case of linear equations: Vertical lines

Parallel line equation

Perpendicular line equation

Combination of both parallel and perpendicular line equations

Applications of linear equations

Quadratic Functions

Introduction to quadratic functions

Transformations of quadratic functions

Quadratic function in general form: y = ax^2 + bx + c

Converting from general to vertex form by completing the square

Shortcut: Vertex formula

Converting general form into vertex form by applying the vertex formula

Vertex Formula Application

Graphing quadratic functions: General form VS. Vertex form

Finding the quadratic functions for given parabolas

Applications of quadratic functions

Quadratic function in vertex form: y = a(x-p)^2 + q

Completing the square

Completing the Square

Solving Quadratic Equations

Solving quadratic equations by factorising

Solving quadratic equations by factoring

Solving quadratic equations by completing the square

Using quadratic formula to solve quadratic equations

Solving a quadratic equation with TWO REAL SOLUTIONS

Solving a quadratic equation with TWO COMPLEX SOLUTIONS

Nature of roots of quadratic equations: The discriminant

Applications of quadratic equations

Functions

One to one functions

Composite functions

Adding functions

Subtracting functions

Multiplying functions

Dividing functions

Operations of Functions – In a Nutshell

Inverse functions

Operations with functions

Inequalities of combined functions

Inequalities of Combined Functions

Difference quotient: applications of functions

Factorisation

Factoring difference of cubes

Factoring sum of cubes

Factorise by taking out the greatest common factor

Factor by taking out the greatest common factor

Factor by taking out GCF

Factorise by grouping

Factor by grouping

Factorising difference of squares: x^2 - y^2

Factoring difference of squares: <katex>x^2 - y^2</katex>

Factoring difference of squares: x^2 - y^2

Factorising trinomials

Factoring trinomials

Factoring Trinomials

Conics

Conics - Parabola

Conics - Circle

Conics - Ellipse

Conics - Hyperbola

Trigonometric Ratios and Angle Measure

Unit circle

Angle in standard position

Coterminal angles

Coterminal Angles

Reference angle

Find the exact value of trigonometric ratios

ASTC rule in trigonometry (All Students Take Calculus)

ASTC rule in trigonometry

Converting between degrees and radians

Trigonometric ratios of angles in radians

Radian measure and arc length

Sine Rule and Cosine Rule

Sine rule

Law of sines

Ambiguous case: SSA triangles

Cosine rule

Sine rule and cosine rule word problems

Applications of the sine law and cosine law

Graphing Trigonometric Functions

Sine graph: y = sin x

Cosine graph: y = cos x

Tangent graph: y = tan x

Cotangent graph: y = cot x

Secant graph: y = sec x

Cosecant graph: y = csc x

Graphing transformations of trigonometric functions

Determining trigonometric functions given their graphs

Applications of Trigonometric Functions

Ferris wheel trig problems

Tides and water depth trig problems

Spring (simple harmonic motion) trig problems

Trigonometric Identities

Quotient identities and reciprocal identities

Pythagorean identities

Sum and difference identities

Sum and Difference Identities

Double-angle identities

Cofunction identities

Solving Trigonometric Equations

Solving first degree trigonometric equations

Solving second degree trigonometric equations

Solving trigonometric equations involving multiple angles

Determining non-permissible values for trig expressions

Solving trigonometric equations using pythagorean identities

Solving trigonometric equations using Pythagorean identities

Solving trigonometric equations using sum and difference identities

Solving trigonometric equations using double-angle identities

Permutations and Combinations

Fundamental counting principle

Fundamental Counting Principle Involving Restrictions

Factorial notation

Path counting problems

Permutations

Combinations

Problems involving both permutations and combinations

Pascal's triangle

Pascal's Triangle

Pascal"s Triangle

Pascal"s triangle

Binomial theorem

Permutation vs. Combination

Probability

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Maths Methods

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Fundamental Theorem of Calculus: Bridging Differentiation and Integration

What You'll Learn

Recognize that differentiation and integration are inverse operations that cancel each other out

Apply Part 1 to evaluate derivatives of integrals with variable upper limits using the chain rule

Use Part 2 to evaluate definite integrals by finding antiderivatives and computing endpoint differences

Calculate definite integrals of polynomial, trigonometric, logarithmic, and exponential functions

Identify when integrals cannot be evaluated due to discontinuities in the interval

What You'll Practice

Finding derivatives of integrals with variable upper limits like x and x³

Evaluating definite integrals using antiderivatives at upper and lower limits

Working with trigonometric integrals involving sine and cosine functions

Integrating exponential and logarithmic functions with e and ln

Checking for discontinuities before evaluating definite integrals

Why This Matters

This Unit Includes

9 Video lessons

Practice exercises

Learning resources

Skills

Definite Integrals

Antiderivatives

Chain Rule

Integration Techniques

Trigonometric Functions

Exponential Functions

Logarithmic Functions

Calculus