Overview
Practice
Watch
Read
Quiz
Next Steps
Overview
Advanced Mathematics 3200
Relations and Functions
9. NL.SO.3200RF9
9.9 Logarithmic scale: pH scale
pH Scale: A Logarithmic Scale Explained
See exactly how the pH scale is built from logarithms, why each whole number step means a tenfold jump in acidity, and how to calculate pH by hand.
What You'll Learn
The pH scale measures acidity using the formula pH equals negative log base ten of the hydrogen ion concentration.
Because it is logarithmic, each single step on the pH scale represents a tenfold change in hydrogen ion concentration.
You can calculate pH from a known concentration, or reverse the formula to find concentration from a known pH.
Most everyday pH values fall between zero and fourteen, but a negative pH scale value is possible for extremely concentrated acids.
Understanding logarithms and exponential form makes the pH formula much easier to apply confidently.
What You'll Practice
1
Comparing acidity and basicity using pH level differences
2
Solving for unknown pH values using logarithmic equations
3
Calculating multiplicative relationships between substances on the pH scale
4
Working with base-10 exponential comparisons between solutions
Why This Matters
The pH scale connects chemistry and mathematics, showing how logarithms model real-world measurements. Understanding pH is essential in chemistry, biology, environmental science, and everyday applications like testing water quality or understanding food preservation.
Before You Start — Make Sure You Can:
This Unit Includes
2 Video lessons
Practice exercises
Learning resources
Skills
Logarithms
pH Scale
Base 10
Exponential Functions
Scientific Applications
Problem Solving
Chemistry Math
NL Curriculum Aligned