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Grade 12 Math Courses - Ontario Curriculum

Discover Ontario's Grade 12 math options, from Advanced Functions to Data Management. Prepare for university-level mathematics and explore diverse career pathways in STEM fields.

Advanced Functions 12

Calculus and Vectors 12

Mathematics of Data Management 12

Mathematics for College Technology 12

Foundations for College Mathematics 12

Mathematics for Work and Everyday Life 12

Ontario Grade 12 Math Curriculum - Advanced Functions & More

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OE_ID
Expectations
StudyPug Topic
ON.OE.12CT.A1.1
1.1: Determine, through investigation with technology, and describe the impact of changing the base and changing the sign of the exponent on the graph of an exponential function
Graphing exponential functions
Graphing transformations of exponential functions
ON.OE.12CT.A1.2
1.2: Solve simple exponential equations numerically and graphically, with technology, and recognize that the solutions may not be exact
Solving exponential equations with logarithms
ON.OE.12CT.A1.4
1.4: Pose problems based on real-world applications that can be modelled with exponential equations, and solve these and other such problems by using a given graph or a graph generated with technology from a table of values or from its equation
Exponential growth and decay by a factor
Exponential decay: Half-life
Exponential growth and decay by percentage
Finance: Compound interest
Continuous growth and decay
ON.OE.12CT.A2.1
2.1: Simplify algebraic expressions containing integer and rational exponents using the laws of exponents
Quotient rule of exponents
Power of a product rule
Power of a quotient rule
Power of a power rule
Negative exponent rule
Combining the exponent rules
Product rule of exponents
Exponents: Product rule (a^x)(a^y) = a^(x+y)
Exponents: Division rule: a^x / a^y = a^(x-y)
Exponents: Power rule: (a^x)^y = a^(xy)
ON.OE.12CT.A2.2
2.2: Solve exponential equations in one variable by determining a common base
Solving exponential equations using exponent rules
ON.OE.12CT.A2.3
2.3: Recognize the logarithm of a number to a given base as the exponent to which the base must be raised to get the number, recognize the operation of finding the logarithm to be the inverse operation of exponentiation, and evaluate simple logarithmic expressions
What is a logarithm?
Converting from logarithmic form to exponential form
Evaluating logarithms without a calculator
ON.OE.12CT.A2.4
2.4: Determine, with technology, the approximate logarithm of a number to any base, including base 10
Common logarithms
Natural log: ln
ON.OE.12CT.A2.5
2.5: Make connections between related logarithmic and exponential equations, and solve simple exponential equations by rewriting them in logarithmic form
Evaluating logarithms using change-of-base formula
Converting from exponential form to logarithmic form
Product rule of logarithms
ON.OE.12CT.A2.6
2.6: Pose problems based on real-world applications that can be modelled with given exponential equations, and solve these and other such problems algebraically by rewriting them in logarithmic form
Logarithmic scale: Richter scale (earthquake)
Logarithmic scale: pH scale
Logarithmic scale: dB scale
ON.OE.12CT.B1.1
1.1: Recognize a polynomial expression and the equation of a polynomial function, give reasons why it is a function, and identify linear and quadratic functions as examples of polynomial functions
What is a polynomial?
Polynomial components
ON.OE.12CT.B1.2
1.2: Compare, through investigation using graphing technology, the graphical and algebraic representations of polynomial functions
Polynomial functions
ON.OE.12CT.B1.3
1.3: Describe key features of the graphs of polynomial functions
Characteristics of polynomial graphs
Determining the equation of a polynomial function
ON.OE.12CT.B1.4
1.4: Distinguish polynomial functions from sinusoidal and exponential functions, and compare and contrast the graphs of various polynomial functions with the graphs of other types of functions
Applications of polynomial functions
ON.OE.12CT.B1.5
1.5: Substitute into and evaluate polynomial functions expressed in function notation, including functions arising from real-world applications
Function notation (advanced)
Function notation
ON.OE.12CT.B1.6
1.6: Pose problems based on real-world applications that can be modelled with polynomial functions, and solve these and other such problems by using a given graph or a graph generated with technology from a table of values or from its equation
Applications of polynomials
ON.OE.12CT.B1.7
1.7: Recognize, using graphs, the limitations of modelling a real-world relationship using a polynomial function, and identify and explain any restrictions on the domain and range
Domain and range of a function
ON.OE.12CT.B2.1
2.1: Factor polynomial expressions in one variable, of degree no higher than four, by selecting and applying strategies
Factor by taking out the greatest common factor
Factor by grouping
Factoring difference of squares: x2−y2x^2 - y^2x2−y2
Factoring trinomials
Factoring difference of cubes
Factoring sum of cubes
ON.OE.12CT.B2.2
2.2: Make connections, through investigation using graphing technology, between a polynomial function given in factored form and the x-intercepts of its graph, and sketch the graph of a polynomial function given in factored form using its key features
Factor theorem
Multiplicities of polynomials
Imaginary zeros of polynomials
ON.OE.12CT.B2.3
2.3: Determine, through investigation using technology, and describe the connection between the real roots of a polynomial equation and the x-intercepts of the graph of the corresponding polynomial function
Fundamental theorem of algebra
ON.OE.12CT.B3.1
3.1: Solve polynomial equations in one variable, of degree no higher than four, by selecting and applying strategies, and verify solutions using technology
Descartes' rule of signs
ON.OE.12CT.B3.2
3.2: Solve problems algebraically that involve polynomial functions and equations of degree no higher than four, including those arising from real-world applications
Solving polynomial inequalities
ON.OE.12CT.B3.3
3.3: Identify and explain the roles of constants and variables in a given formula
Applications of linear equations
Evaluating algebraic expressions
ON.OE.12CT.B3.4
3.4: Expand and simplify polynomial expressions involving more than one variable, including expressions arising from real-world applications
Multiplying monomial by monomial
Multiplying monomial by binomial
Multiplying binomial by binomial
Multiplying polynomial by polynomial
ON.OE.12CT.B3.5
3.5: Solve equations of the form x^n = a using rational exponents
Convert between radicals and rational exponents
Exponents: Rational exponents
ON.OE.12CT.B3.6
3.6: Determine the value of a variable of degree no higher than three, using a formula drawn from an application, by first substituting known values and then solving for the variable, and by first isolating the variable and then substituting known values
Solving literal equations
ON.OE.12CT.B3.7
3.7: Make connections between formulas and linear, quadratic, and exponential functions, using a variety of tools and strategies
Relationship between two variables
ON.OE.12CT.B3.8
3.8: Solve multi-step problems requiring formulas arising from real-world applications
Understand relations between x- and y-intercepts
ON.OE.12CT.C1.1
1.1: Determine the exact values of the sine, cosine, and tangent of the special angles 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 90°, and their multiples
Find the exact value of trigonometric ratios
ON.OE.12CT.C1.2
1.2: Determine the values of the sine, cosine, and tangent of angles from 0° to 360°, through investigation using a variety of tools and strategies
ASTC rule in trigonometry (All Students Take Calculus)
ON.OE.12CT.C1.3
1.3: Determine the measures of two angles from 0° to 360° for which the value of a given trigonometric ratio is the same
Unit circle
ON.OE.12CT.C1.4
1.4: Solve multi-step problems in two and three dimensions, including those that arise from real-world applications, by determining the measures of the sides and angles of right triangles using the primary trigonometric ratios
Use sine ratio to calculate angles and sides (Sin = o / h)
Use cosine ratio to calculate angles and sides (Cos = a / h)
Combination of SohCahToa questions
Use tangent ratio to calculate angles and sides (Tan = o / a)
ON.OE.12CT.C1.5
1.5: Solve problems involving oblique triangles, including those that arise from real-world applications, using the sine law and the cosine law
Law of sines
Law of cosines
Applications of the sine law and cosine law
ON.OE.12CT.C2.1
2.1: Make connections between the sine ratio and the sine function and between the cosine ratio and the cosine function by graphing the relationship between angles from 0° to 360° and the corresponding sine ratios or cosine ratios
Sine graph: y = sin x
Cosine graph: y = cos x
ON.OE.12CT.C2.3
2.3: Determine, through investigation using technology, the roles of the parameters d and c in functions of the form y = sin (x – d) + c and y = cos (x – d) + c, and describe these roles in terms of transformations on the graphs of f(x) = sin x and f(x) = cos x with angles expressed in degrees
Graphing transformations of trigonometric functions
ON.OE.12CT.C2.6
2.6: Represent a sinusoidal function with an equation, given its graph or its properties
Determining trigonometric functions given their graphs
ON.OE.12CT.C3.1
3.1: Collect data that can be modelled as a sinusoidal function, through investigation with and without technology, from primary sources, using a variety of tools, or from secondary sources, and graph the data
Ferris wheel trig problems
Tides and water depth trig problems
Spring (simple harmonic motion) trig problems
ON.OE.12CT.D1.1
1.1: Recognize a vector as a quantity with both magnitude and direction, and identify, gather, and interpret information about real-world applications of vectors
Introduction to vectors
ON.OE.12CT.D1.2
1.2: Represent a vector as a directed line segment, with directions expressed in different ways, and recognize vectors with the same magnitude and direction but different positions as equal vectors
Magnitude of a vector
ON.OE.12CT.D1.3
1.3: Resolve a vector represented as a directed line segment into its vertical and horizontal components
Direction angle of a vector
ON.OE.12CT.D1.4
1.4: Represent a vector as a directed line segment, given its vertical and horizontal components
Scalar multiplication of vectors
ON.OE.12CT.D1.5
1.5: Determine, through investigation using a variety of tools and strategies, the sum or difference of two vectors
Equivalent vectors
Adding and subtracting vectors in component form
Operations on vectors in magnitude and direction form
ON.OE.12CT.D1.6
1.6: Solve problems involving the addition and subtraction of vectors, including problems arising from real-world applications
Unit vector
Word problems on vectors
ON.OE.12CT.D2.2
2.2: Perform required conversions between the imperial system and the metric system using a variety of tools, as necessary within applications
Conversions between metric and imperial systems
Conversions involving squares and cubic
ON.OE.12CT.D2.3
2.3: Solve problems involving the areas of rectangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, triangles, and circles, and of related composite shapes, in situations arising from real-world applications
Surface area of 3-dimensional shapes
ON.OE.12CT.D2.4
2.4: Solve problems involving the volumes and surface areas of spheres, right prisms, and cylinders, and of related composite figures, in situations arising from real-world applications
Surface area and volume of prisms
Surface area and volume of pyramids
Surface area and volume of cylinders
Surface area and volume of cones
Surface area and volume of spheres
ON.OE.12CT.D3.1
3.1: Recognize and describe arcs, tangents, secants, chords, segments, sectors, central angles, and inscribed angles of circles, and some of their real-world applications
Circles and circumference
Arcs of a circle
Areas and sectors of circles
ON.OE.12CT.D3.2
3.2: Determine the length of an arc and the area of a sector or segment of a circle, and solve related problems
Radian measure and arc length
ON.OE.12CT.D3.3
3.3: Determine, through investigation using a variety of tools, properties of the circle associated with chords, central angles, inscribed angles, and tangents
Angles in a circle

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