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Transformations of functions: Vertical translations

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Intros
Lessons
  1. An Experiment to Study "Vertical Translations"

    Sketch and compare: (y)=x2\left( y \right) = {x^2}
    VS.
    (y−3)=x2\left( {y - 3} \right) = {x^2}
    VS.
    (y+2)=x2\left( {y + 2} \right) = {x^2}
  2. Sketch all three quadratic functions on the same set of coordinate axes.
  3. Compared to the graph of y=x2y = {x^2}:
    • the graph of (y−3)=x2\left( {y - 3} \right) = {x^2} is translated "vertically" ________ units _____________.
    • the graph of (y+2)=x2\left( {y + 2} \right) = {x^2} is translated "vertically" ________ units _____________.
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Examples
Lessons
  1. Vertical Translations
    Given the graph of y=f(x)y=f(x) as shown, sketch:
    1. y=f(x)−8y = f\left( x \right) - 8
    2. y=f(x)+3y = f\left( x \right) + 3
    3. In conclusion:
      • (y)→(y+8)\left( y \right) \to \left( {y + 8} \right): shift ________ units ______________ ⇒\Rightarrow all yy coordinates _____________________________.
      • (y)→(y−3)\left( y \right) \to \left( {y - 3} \right): shift ________ units ______________ ⇒\Rightarrow all yy coordinates _____________________________.
      Vertical translations