What is a logarithm?

Examples
Lessons
  1. On Bianca's 5th birthday gift of $100 cash from her dad. Bianca's dad
    promises to double her money yearly if Bianca plans to not spend money
    but instead deposit into "daddy's-super-saving-account". Will Bianca be
    able to afford her dream car, a Mini Cooper, worth $30,000 when she turns 16?