# Production quota & subsidies

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##### Intros
###### Lessons
1. Production Quota & Subsidies Overview:
2. Subsidies and Production Quotas
• Two ways of government intervention
• Definition of Production Quota
• Definition of Subsidy
3. Effects from Production Quotas
• Decrease in Supply
• Increase in price
• Underproduction
• Incentive to cheat and overproduce
4. Effects from Subsidies
• Increase in supply
• Fall in price
• Increase in quantity produced
• Overproduction
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##### Examples
###### Lessons
1. Understanding Effects of Production Quotas
You are given the following information
 Price (dollars per chair) Quantity demanded (per chair) Quantity supplied (per chair) 30 200 50 40 175 100 50 150 150 60 125 200 70 100 250

Graph the following information, and calculate the price, marginal cost, and quantity produced for chairs if the government sets a production quota of 125 chairs.
1. You are given the following information
 Price (dollars per cup) Quantity demanded (per cup) Quantity supplied (per cup) 5 10 4 10 8 8 15 6 12 20 4 16 25 2 20

Graph the following information, and calculate the price, marginal cost, and quantity produced for cups if the government sets a production quota of 12 cups.
1. Understanding Effects of Subsidies
You are given the following information
 Price (dollars per bag) Quantity demanded (per bag) Quantity supplied (per bag) 30 25 10.0 40 20 12.5 50 15 15.0 60 10 17.5 70 5 20.0

Graph the following information, and calculate the price, marginal cost, and quantity produced for chairs if the government gives a subsidy of $30 per bag. 1. You are given the following information  Price (dollars per pack) Quantity demanded (per pack) Quantity supplied (per pack) 9 22 4 18 19 10 27 16 16 36 13 22 45 10 28 Graph the following information, and calculate the price, marginal cost, and quantity produced for chairs if the government gives a subsidy of$18 per bag.
###### Topic Notes

Production Quota & Subsidies

There are two more ways for the government to intervene in products.

Production Quota: government sets a limit to the quantity of a good that may be produced in a specified time.

Subsidy: Payment made by the government, given to the producer.

Effects from Production Quotas

Looking at the graph, we can see that production quotas does the following things:
1. Decrease the quantity (supply)
2. Increase in price
3. Decrease in marginal cost
4. Underproduction
5. Increases the incentive to cheat (produce more than the quota)

Effects from Subsidies

When subsidies are given to producer, they would want to producer more. So, the supply curve shifts to the right.

Looking at the graph, we see that subsidies does the following things:
1. Increases the supply (curve shifts to the right)
2. Decrease the price
3. Increase in quantity produced
4. Increase in marginal cost
5. Overproduction

Note: Producers are willing to produce more (even though it sells for less) because of the subsidy that the government gives.

Subsidies are not efficient because it gives deadweight loss.