Applications of linear systems

Applications of linear systems

Lessons

We will be looking at real-life problems involving linear algebra. The three types of real-life applications we will be looking at are:
1. Linear systems in Economics
2. Linear systems with Chemical Equations
3. Linear systems with Network Flow

In economics, we can use linear algebra to determine the equilibrium price of outputs for each sector. Note that in order to get the equilibrium price, we need to set

Income = expenses (expenditures)

In Chemistry, we can use linear algebra to balance chemical equations like:
N2+H2 N_2+H_2 →NH3 NH_3

We do so by counting the number of elements in a compound, and turning each coefficient as a variable to solve.

We can also use linear algebra to study the flow of some quantity through a network. Make sure that for each node:
Flow in = Flow out

Our goal is to make all of these questions into matrix, and then solve.
  • Introduction
    Applications of Linear Systems Overview:
    a)
    Linear Systems in Economics
    • A simple economy with sectors.
    • Solving the equilibrium prices

    b)
    Linear Systems with Chemical Equations
    • Balancing chemical equations
    • Solving for coefficients to balance

    c)
    Linear Systems with Network Flow
    • Nodes
    • Finding the general solution of the network flow

  • 1.
    Economics with Resources
    Assume that the economy has 3 sectors: Manufacturing, Services, and Extraction. Manufacturing sells 50% of its output to Services, and 50% to Extraction. Services sells 30% of its output to Manufacturing, 60% to extraction, and keeps the rest. Extraction sells 80% of its output to manufacturing, 10% to services, and keeps the rest. Find a set of equilibrium prices for when the extraction output is 80 units.
  • 2.
    Balancing a Chemical Equation
    Balance the following chemical equation using the vector equations
    Na3PO4+MgCl2 Na_3 PO_4+MgCl_2 →NaCl+Mg3(PO4)2 NaCl+Mg_3(PO_4)_2
  • 3.
    Finding the General Flow Pattern
    Find the general solution of the network flow. Assuming that all flows are non-negative, what is the minimum value of x1x_1 and x2x_2?
    Find the general solution of the network flow
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1.
Linear Equations with Matrices
1.1
Notation of matrices
1.2
Solving systems of linear equations by graphing
1.3
Representing linear system as a matrix
1.4
The three types of matrix row operations
1.5
Solving a linear system with matrices using Gaussian elimination
1.6
Row reduction and echelon forms
1.7
Linear combination and vector equations in RnR^n
1.8
Matrix equation Ax=b
1.9
Solution sets of linear systems
1.10
Application of linear systems
Linear Algebra