Critical number & maximum and minimum values

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Intros
Lessons
  1. How to describe graphs of functions?
    describe a graph of function, the critical number & maximum and minimum values

  2. \bullet local maximum
    \bullet local minimum
    \bullet critical number

  3. state the:
    \bullet absolute maximum
    \bullet absolute minimum

  4. on the interval,
    1x12-1\leq x\leq 12\, state the:
    \bullet absolute maximum
    \bullet absolute minimum
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Examples
Lessons
  1. Find the critical numbers of the function:

    1. f(x)=3x25xf(x)={^3}\sqrt{x^{2}-5x}

    2. f(x)=x13x23f(x)=x^{\frac{1}{3}}-x^{-\frac{2}{3}}
  2. First Derivative Test: a test to determine whether or not f\ f has a local maximum or minimum at a critical number

    First Derivative Test

    Function has a local maximum local maximum

    Function has a local minimum local minimum

    function with no local maximum or minimum no maximum or minimum

    function with no local maximum or local minimum no maximum or minimum

    1. f(x)=3x515x4+25x315x2+5f(x)=3x^{5}-15x^{4}+25x^{3}-15x^{2}+5
      1. Find the critical numbers.
      2. On what intervals is f f increasing or decreasing?
      3. Find the local maximum and minimum values.
      4. Sketch the graph.
      5. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values.
    2. The Closed Interval Method
      To find the absolute maximum and minimum values of a continuous function ff on a closed interval [a, b]:
      1.Find the values of f f at the critical numbers of f f in (a, b).
      2.Find the values of f f at the left-endpoint and right-endpoint of the interval
      3.Compare all values from steps 1 and 2: the largest \ is the absolute maximum value; the smallest \ is the absolute minimum value.
      1. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function:

        f(x)=3x515x4+25x315x2+5f(x)=3x^{5}-15x^{4}+25x^3-15x^2+5
        12x12 -\frac{1}{2}\leq x\leq\frac{1}{2}
        Topic Notes
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        Another powerful usage of differential calculus is optimization, for example, finding the number of products needed to be sold at a store to maximize its monthly revenue or to minimize its monthly costs. In this section, we will link the application of differential calculus with finding the local extrema, the maxima and minima, of a function.

        critical number: a number c\ c in the domain of a function f\ f such that:
        critical number